Combined preheating and mixing chamber for liquid-fuel burners



y 3 i w. BLASKEWITZETAL 1,770,346

COMBINED PREHEATING AND CHAMBER p012 LIQUID FUEL BURNERS s l' il 'si 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 BY v 2mm ATTORNEY.

y 1930. w. sLAsKwlTz ET AL 1,770,346-

COMBI'NED PREHEATING AND MIXING CHAMBER FOR LIQUID FUEL BURNERS ri in Filed g- 27. 1926 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 5 IN V EN TORJ M1 L M 1 zus/rnwrz 6- 5. QvEgLY TTORNE).

Fatented July 8, 1930 YUNETEDSTA WILLIA BLASKEWI'IZ nn onnnnneniaunrovnnnx, on

s G Q Y M E- ASSIGNMENTS, To anaan e. LAMBEB em ae eme 0. or nnrieerr, m oiereeiv, oonronnrronf or DELAWARE I CPM Emm m m MIXING mam roe LIQU D-summarises Original application filed. August 27, 1926,:Seria1 No; 131,868." Divided i this application filed September 15, 1926.

mixing and delivering the vaporized'fuel tothe'manifold- A further feature of this com-' bined preheaterand mixing chamber resides in theprovision of-a' preheater element which is-pivotally mounted 'in'the mixing chamber casing" and which preheating element is designedto be movedinto one positiontov act as a novel preheatenland into another position toz form apartof the housing fol the mixing chamber. parts makes it possible-to form the burner and manifold elements stationary and to move the vaporizing tube as aunit relatively thereto, said vaporizing tube having a useful function in aplurality of difierentpositions due toits cooperation with the combined preheating and mixing chamber. 7

Another feature of thisinvention relates to the novel form of the pivotally mounted preheater member, said member being adapt.- ed to be moved to open posit-ion to cooperate with the end of the generating tube to initially start the burner, orstove, and cooperating with the mixing chamber when the tube is moved to normal supplying position to serve a useful function in directing the resulting gases. When the pivoted preheater member is moved to open position it also serves as a flame deflector for both deflecting the flames back wardly against the vaporizer tubeend also upwardly around the same. Y Y

1 This application is a division of application No. 131,868 filed on the 27th August, 1926'. j In the drawings:

Fig. '1 is a perspective view ofour novel combined preheating'aiid mixing chamber, and showing the preheating elementv in upright openposition preparatory to serving as 'a preheating means for the generator tube."

Fig. 2 is a longitudinal section through 'ing and mixing means, thecombined pre- Thisnovel arrangement of 1 day of Serial ne; iaasie'.

the combined, preheating and mixing chainber incombination with tL -VGItlCELlSBCtlOIl through a stove unit embodying this preheatheating and mixing'chamber being shown in closed position;

Fig. 3 is a vertical sectional View similar to Fig; 2 showing the positioning of'the vari- 'ous parts of a complete stove unit embodying my preheating and mixing meansand also, showing the relative p'ositi-onsof the generas tor tube and preheating member preparatory to initially startingithe stove.

tis a section; taken .on line 4:4 of

Fig. 5 is a sectional view taken on line 55 of Fig. 8, and illustrating the two coils of wire and a plurality of the relatively enlarged an-. nular passageways for the fuel or gasesin the enlarged portion ofthe generating tube.

The novel combined preheating and mixing chamber forming the subject matter of this invention may be utilized with various types of stove and burner structures of the liquid fuel type, and the preferred embodiment of such combined preheating and mix-' ing chamber with a stove structure, wherein the various parts cooperate in a novel manner is described and claimed in said pending application No.-131,868 of which this is a division. I v p w This combined preheating and mixing chamber may be generally designated 1 and preferably comprises an integralcast housing formedto present a plurality of passageways forboth the conduction of the vaporized fuel and for the conduction of air to be mixed with the fuel; This housing element is best shown in Fig. 1, and as, shown, is peculiar and novel in shape in that. it is designed 01 58 with a particular stove structure. However, ingeneral form this housing of the mix ng chamber is. formed to present; a. passageway 2 for conducting the mixed gases and air o any suitable-manifold, which may be here mean: i n eem e the vapor issui .housin is cored transversel as at 4 to rothe vaporized gases.

A part of the housing for receiving the generator may be called the entrance head and may be designated 6. This entrance'head 6, in addition to forming the upper part of the passageway5, is also provided with a suitable aperture 7 for receiving the enlarged end 8 of a suitable generator. tube. This entrance head 6 is also provided with suitable oppositely disposed auxiliary air ports 9 which are positioned just in front ofthe jet block 10 of the generator tube when such jet block is in normal operating position, as is shown in Fig. 2. Y

The upper part of the housing 1' is open, as best shown in Fig. 1, and the sides of the housing which form this'opening are preferably of such width and of finished surface so as to receive the preheater member, which may be generally designated. 11, as will be presently describedf A filler block 12 is preferably mounted within the housing 1 to re strict the passageway 2 to a predetermined size proportionate to the correct quality of fuel mixture desired. The sides of the housing 1 for receiving and cooperating with the preheat-er member may be designated 13 and are preferably finished on their upper interior sides. The entrance head 6 of the housing is preferably tapered at its forward sides, as is clearly shown in Figs. 1 and 2, and the portion 14 thereof is machine finished complementally with the tapered machine finished portion 15 of the preheat-er.

This 'preheater is preferably L-shaped, as best shown in Fig. 3, and is designed to be pivoted to the housing 1, as at 16. The lower leg of this L-shaped member 11 is preferably formed to provide a suitable and relatively shallow drip pan 17, and the rear end of this drip pan. the portion joining the two legs of the L-shaped preheater is preferably formed with an arcuate depression 18, and this depression is so designed and predetermined relative to the pivot 16 and the axis of the aperture 7 as to perform a definite useful function. in other words, the top portion of this arcuate deflector 18 is aligned with the orifice of the jet block 10, whereby g from the generator and jet block under pressure will strike the portion 18 and willbe'redeflected downwardly and backwardly against theeXterior of the generator. the gase: from the generator combining with the air to form a combustible mixture before striking the deflector member 18.

The lower leg 17 of this 'preheate r member is provided with a'suitable wire mesh, or absorbing member 19, which is so positioned as to hold a suitable quantity of liquid fuel through the capillary action of the wire mesh, and is also positioned longitudinally and transversely of the portion 17 so as to deflect and guide the flames which are redirected by the portion 18 upwardly and around the enlarged portion of the generator tube, when in its preheating position. This lower leg 17 is designed to fold back against the wall of V the housing 1-whenthe preheater member is moved to closed position, as shown in Fig. 2.

The upper leg of this preheater member 11 is preferably U-shaped in cross section'and of sufficient length that the machine tapered surfaces 15 cooperate with and contact with the machined surfaces 1 to present a relatively tight fit when the preheater member is moved to closed position, as shown in Fig. 2. The sides of this upper leg are preferably machined on the exterior surfaces whereby they cooperate with and contact with the machined sides 13 of the housing 1, wiereby when the preheating member is moved to closed position the complete mixing chamber will be formed and the sides and end of the member 11 will so Contact with the complemental parts of the housing as to form relatively tight joints to insure the maintenance of a predetermined quality of mixture. The U- shaped formation of this upper extension of the preheater member also serves an addiional function in that it creates a draft for the burning fuel during the preheating operatbn and thus causes the flames from the pan 17, and the redirected flames from the compression 18 to pass upwardly and around the enlarged portion of the generator tube.

This combined preheating and mixing chamber ispreferably adapted for use with stoves of the type wherein the generating tube is positioned above a burner, or burners, supplied with the generated gases. In the present embodiment, a suitable burner is shown, as at 20, and forms a part of the manifold which is designated 3. While the com-- bined preheating and mixing chamber is preferably designed to operate in combination with the novel type of manifold, yet it will. be obvious that such preheating and mixing chamber may be utilized with any type of ifold. Both the manifold, burner, or burners, and the combined preheating and mixing chamber are preferably stationarily mounted, as best shown in Fig. 3.

The fuel container, or tank, for supplying the liquid fuel may be designated 21, and the generator tube is preferably rigidly mounted thereon, as shown in Fig. 3. This generator tube is of novel construction in that it is provided with the enlarged portion 8, and a normal small sized portion 22. This generator tube preferably has screw fitting relation with a suitable valve housing 23, waereby the'liquid fuel is emitted or shut 0d from the generator tube at the rear end thereof, or mother words, at the valve housensue i s 2 A siiiithle 119d. Zztn hel fis h.

eff theliquid fuel and gases by jeapillaryjaotion. A seeonaiceueu wire 26is positioned aroundthe'ooiled wire, 25 and extends, the length @ftne enlar ed ol ueu 8' ,of utegenfiiatingftubed This e'oil 26tiri'sluiies the feedin}; of the liquidifuel arid vapor in much larger annular heli'al" column whereby. a greater area and amount offjliquid fuel is presented to, the initial heating flamesffor causingpreheatingv inthe generator tube.

This relatively enlarged part of the generator tube has. alsoanadclitional function, as will bepresent-ly described.

The fuel feeding unit whichineludes, the Container and-generat rwhen adapted to be slidably mounted relative to the rigidly.

positicuiedv burner, manifold and mixing 'chamloe-r, and in -Fig.,3,.I- havev shown th'i's fuel feeding'unit as being provided'lw'ith suit- 27 Whieh are adapted to be slidably supported by suitable supporting guides. 28 which, as'shown, are, mounted and supported by a.,,casing 29 which forms the exterior Case for the entire stove unit The central burner 20 is preferably provided with a suitable radiating and'defleoting shieldgO,

and the forwardpart of this shield isadapt ed to. predeter nine the inward position 'of the fuel. feeding unit bycontact-ing' with the heatshield 31 nounted upon the fuel feeding unit. The fuel feeding unitmay be slidably moved from its innermostposition, as shown in Fig. 3, to its outer normal operating position," and when in its outermost position it is adapted to be automatically ,loeked by means of the gravity pawl 32 which looks he unit, and particularly the'j'et-Z blockthe PQ$itiQn Shown in Fig. 2, which is the normal preferred operating position' to' obtain the'desired In'iirture of air and vapor-.

ized fuel. a

'The' enlarged portion 8 of the generator tube is adapted to be positioned either above the preheating flame from the preheater 1 7:, or above the burner for cQDtinuous opera.- tion. The entire burner therefor i's-made of 3-, S lfiCiQn Size this. is obtained mainly by enl ging th 'e d'efth ub to old plsfiletermined amountv of liquid, fuel, whieh amount-of fuel is sufiicient to,'wheniignite'd, to preheatv the tube to. alsuificient extentto enemy ause vaper z. i m of ny add tional fuel fed into the tube.

In the initial preheating operation the-fuel feedingunit and the generator tube being 111 the" s ion," flle n igthe upp leg 11 o -he prehater unitis thnraised to h saw BQWI in B asel e l .3

,. lie -P ns he r fi e et h i'eflhl em- A suitableeoilv iire125-surrounds and extends the lei igth this rod 24:, whereby torest'rict n I H p I sary to ignite thetfuel in the and at the same time nsure posltlve feed ng v lve i he lve hous g-231$ th n open d funtil thegenerator tube-is filled and a small amount ofthe fuel drops down and: is ab- 19. This having beenfdone, it is only necesdrip pan 17 generator tube.

quickly cause vaporizationof some .of theffuel referred to, and theresulting pressure will eause s ome of the gases to be emitted from the jet block. ,Thesejemitted gases will be, in-

vSorbed or held in suspension by themember stantly ignited and the resulting flames will strike the areuate portion 18 and be redefieeted baclgwardlv and upwardly against and around theen ar-g d Po ti S e tu This results in a 'positive blast action of the.

flames soas to quickly and efficiently heat the enlarged endofthe generator tube. Before,

or'after all of the'f'uel has been vaporized and ejected from{ the generator tube, the pre hj ater member 11 ma be moveddo'wnwardly 1 in o theposition shown in Fig. 2.

When {this isdone the stove is ready for normal operation and the fuel feeding unit maybe then moved to its outward position which eorresponds with the position shown in Fig. 2, and the valve- 23 opened to admit liquid fuel to the heating generator tube. This fuel striking the-generator tube will be instantly vaporized and" this vapor emitted'under pressure from the. jet block 10.- Theseflemitted gases passingthe air intakes 5 and 9 will draw ina sufficient amount of air to produce-a'oo-mbustible mixture, and

which mixture willbeoonduoted through the passageways 2 and 12" to the manifold 3. Part of these gases then pass to the burner QO'Where they maybe ignitedto continuously heat the enlarged portion 8 of the generator,

as shown in Fig; 2whereby the vaporization of the liquid fuel is continuously maintained as; long, as desired. Asshow-n in Figs. 2 and 3, it will be; understood that thepivoted preheater memberllm ay be slidably supported by one of the grates of the stove and such grate suitably pivoted or otherwise mounted, whereby it is only necessary to move the grate up or down to move the preheater member 11 into preheating position or into nor We' ees df i oh to 'rIm a Pa t fi hs 'iniic'ing ohamb'er. v v A th ugh it; is n t necessary, the head 6 9f h mixin bur er housi g is. prefe ably p o i ed. w t su t ble gn n 's fifiwhich ex tend along each side thereof and Whiohareadaptedto receiye suitable deflect-or shields 36 whereby to form suitable oha nnels for the passage of; the. air to'the apertures'a and a so" f form s elds a h lower end 55% f9 lt-wills the assa ew y 14% Jmeansand provided with a passageway for conduct npythe generated gas to the burner manifold, and including means positioned vithin the housing and movable to close said passageway, and for forming a preheating device for the'generating means.

2. A combined preheating device and mixing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising a housing adapted to cooperate with a generatin member for conducting the generatedfuel towards the burner, or burners,

apart of said housing being movable and provided with a fuel pan' adapted to bepositioned adjacent-the generating unit.

' 3. A combined preheating device and mixing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising a housing adapted to receive a gener ating member, apart of said housing form 'ing a fuel pan for providing flames for heating up said member and a chimney for directing flames around said member.

4. A combined preheating deviceand mixing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising a housing adapted to receive a generating member, and including means imovable to one position to form a fuelpan forpre heating'the member and to another position for closing the housing to conduct the generated gases to the burner, or burners.

' 5. A combined preheating device and m're ing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising housing provided with an entrance head for receiving a generating member, said head being provided with a plurality of air passageways, and means movable into tight fitting relation with said head to close said housing and form a wall of a passageway for conducting the combined gas and air mixture to the burner, or burners.

6. A combined preheating device and mixing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising a housing provided with a passageway for conducting the fuel to a burner or burners, and a fuel pan pivotally mounted in said housing and adapted to 'be' moved to open or close said passageway.

7. A combined preheating device and mixing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising a housing adapted to receive a movable generator member, and means movable within the housing to a position in front of the generator member for directing the i nited gases initially issuing from said member rearwardly against said member to accelerate initial preheating and starting of the same.

8. A mixing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising a housing member provided with a passageway for conducting genering a housing 'for receiving a generating ated gases to a burner, or burners, and a unit cooperating with said housing and c0mprisin one part movable into complemental relation with said housing to complete the same, and also" comprising another part movable into ing member.

9. A combinedpreheatingdevice and miX- ing chamber for liquid fuel burners, comprising in combination a conduit adapted to position. to serve as a preheatreceive the outlet of a generator member and for conducting vaporized fuel from said 'mixing and conducting the vaporized fuel towards the burnermanifold, comprising a blast deflector horizontally pivoted and vertically movable within the conduit, said blast deflector being movable to one position to deflect the vaporized fuel, issuing from the generator tube, back against the generator tube to accelerate starting, and movable to another position to allow the generated fuel to pass through the conduit.

11. A starting device for liquid fuel burners of the type vided with a valve at its inlet end and a conduit for mixing and conducting the vaporized fuel from the generating tube towarns the burner manifold, coniprising a combined blast deflector and fuel pan movable as a unit within said conduit to a position in front of and irectly beneath the outlet end the generating tube, the fuel pan producing flames for heating up said tube, and the blast deflector deflecting vaporized fuel issuing from said tube back against the same in theform of flames to accelerate the heating of said tube.

1;. A starting device for liquid fuel burners of the type having a single main generator, anda conduit for conducting the vaporized combustible fuel from the generating tube towardsthe burner or burners, comprising a blast deflector positioned adjacent the end of the generating tube, and means for eflecting relative axial movement between the generating tube and blast deflector whereby the blast deflector will be positioned in front of the generating tubeJsaid blast deflector having a portion shaped for deflecting the vaporized fuel issuing from the generating tube backwardly in the form of a blast of flame against the tube itself.

'13. That step 1n the starting of a liquid fuel generating apparatus of the typehavmg a main generating tube, a tank for subhaving a generating tube promane plying liquid fuel to the generating tube under pressure, and a conduit for conveying the vaporized fuel in a main path towards the burner or burners, which comprises collecting a stationary body. of liquid. 'fuel in: the generator and below the generator, ig-

niting the body 'of liquid fuel below the generator to heat the same, and vaporizing theliquid in the generator, initially deflecting the vaporized fuel from its normal path, and directing the vaporized fuel in the form of a blast of flame directly against the main genfuel'to the generator,'which comprises filling the "generator tube and turning off the said valve, and then initially'heating the same to start vaporization of the fuel, causing a portion of the vaporized fuelet-o issue from'the generator tube, and intercepting said initially vaporized fuel anddeflecting the same backwardly and directly against'the generatingtubein the form of flames to, accelerate vaporization of the liquid fuel'in the generator tube and the starting of the apparatus before turning on a continuous supply of liquid fuel from the tank to the generator.

15. Starting and mixing structure for liquid fuel burners, comprising a mixing chamber housing having an entrance head for re .ceiving air and vaporized fuel andforming a passageway for conducting-the mixture of air and fuel towards the burner manifold, a priming cup positioned adjacent to and in alignment with said entrance head, and a generating tube axially slidablethrough said entrance head and to a position above said priming cup to efiect starting.

16. A combined starting and mixing device for liquid fuel burners, comprising in "combination a mixing chamber housing having an entrance head adapted to receive the outlet of a generatormember and being provided with a passageway for conducting vaporized fuel from said generator member to the burner orburners, one of which being positioned adjacent said generator tube, a blast'defle'ctor positioned adjacent said entrance head and in alignment with said generating tube, said generating tube being slidable axially through said entrance head and to a position adjacent the blast deflector, whereby said blast deflector will deflect vaporized fuel issuing from the generator tube backwardly in the form, of a blast against the tube itself to accelerate starting.

' 17. A combined starting member and mixing a housing member provided with: a pas.-

chamber for liquidfuel burners, coinpria sa' ewa' for conductin va' orized fuel to a I turner or burners, an entrance head rune; ceivin'g a movablegenerating tube,,and a unit cooperating iitith said housing and coinp ris ing one part movable 'intoj complemental relation 'withsaid housing to'complete the same and another part cooperating with the end 0f the. generatingtube and adapted, as a result ofrelativemovement between part and generating tube, tobe positioned-in front of the gene'rating tube to. serve a sr acblast def fiectorZandpreheating"member.'

- '18. .That step in the starting ofliqujid fuel generating apparatus of the type having a main generating tube,- atanl: for supplying liquid fuel to the generating tube under pres sure, and a conduitfor conveying thevapor- 7 izedfuel in amain' path towards the burner or burners, which comprises filling the ge'nerator tube with liquid fuel and allowing some of thefuel to-collect inja body beneath the end of the generator tube, closing off the supply'of liquid fuel, igniting the body of fuel beneath the generating tube whereby the same b will heat the fuel in the generator tube to partiallyvaporize the same an d form a pressure in the generating tube, and then initially deflecting the vaporized fuel initially projected from the generating tube from its normal path and directing such vaporized fuel in the form of a blast of flame directly against they end of the main generating tube to accelerate vaporization of the liquid fuel in the tube and the starting of the apparatus; V

'19. That step in the start ng of liquid fuel generating apparatus of the type having a main generating tube, a tank for supplying liquid fuel to the generating tube under pressure, and a conduit for conveying the vaporized fuel in a main path towards the burner or burners, whichcomprises filling the generator'tube with liquid fuel and allowing some of the fuel to collect in a body beneath the end of the generator tube, closing off the supply of liquid fuel, igniting the body of fuel beneath the generating tube whereby the same will heat the fuel in the generator tube to partially vaporize the same and form a pressure in the generating tube, and theninitially defleeting the vaporized fuel initially projected from the generating tube from its normal path and directing such vaporized fuel in the form of a blast of flame directly against the end of the main generating tube to accelerate vaporizationof the liquid fuel in the tube and thestarting of the apparatus, and then re-' moving the deflecting means andsupplying liquid fuel to the generating tube whereby vaporized fuelwill be conducted to the main conduit to supply the burner or burners.

20. The method of starting liquid fuel generating apparatus of the type having a generating tubewith a valve inlet and a relatively its free outlet, and a mixing chamber and tank for supplying liquid fuel to the generator, which comprises filling the generator tube and allowing some of the liquid fuel to accumulate in a body beneath the end of the generator tube and then turning off the supply of fuel, i niting said accumulated liquid fuel to heat the end of the generator tube whereby to vaporize a portion of the fuel in the generator tube and cause the same to be ejected under pressure, then intercepting said initially vaporized fuel and deflecting the same backwardly and directly over the body of fuel and against the generating tube in the form of a blast of flame to accelerate the burning of the exterior body of fuel and the vaporization of the liquid fuel in the generator tube and then turning on said valve to allow the liquid fuel to flow freely into said tube.

In testimony whereof We aflix our signatures.

WVILLIAM BLASKEVITZ.

CLARENCE BURT OVERLY. 

